The ICM's scientific objective is to understand the causes and mechanisms behind the major nervous system pathologies, and to offer new and specific treatments within a short-term perspective.

Thanks to progress in neuroscience research, the treatment of nervous system diseases, which is generally symptomatic and palliative will become more effective, and maybe be able to prevent and to cure.

It is, therefore, the responsibility of all of us to strengthen research in order to:
- prevent or stop the development of these disorders; this is the role of molecular and cellular neurobiology
- ensure the well-being of patients who are afflicted with chronic and disabling disorders; this is the role of cognitive and human neuropsychological sciences

From genetics to behavior and from behavior to genetics, research will be all-encompassing. Approaches in the areas of molecular and cellular neurobiology, neurophysiology, cognitive sciences and therapy have, up until now, been geographically dispersed. Bringing these activities together in one place will ensure that we can offer patients the most advanced treatments. The ICM will be unique in its field in Europe.

Many clinicians and researchers already work at the Pitié-Salpêtrière,, which is part of a university with strong potential for teaching (Université Paris VI) and research, in partnerships with major French research organizations, such as INSERM and the CNRS.

- Neuroimaging (4 NMR scanners: three 3-Teslas, one 7-Teslas, and magnetic encephalography)
- Cellular imaging
- Molecular genetics
- Vectorology
- Cell culture
- Clinical neurophysiology...